What is a zk-Rollup?

A zero-knowledge-Rollup is a blockchain technology that bundles thousands of transactions into a single proof—making the network faster, cheaper, and more private.

The “zk” stands for zero-knowledge, meaning the proof confirms all transactions are valid without revealing any private data.

Key Features

  • Massive Scalability — Instead of recording every transaction individually, a zk-Rollup compresses them into one cryptographic proof posted on-chain.
  • Low Fees — Because the chain only needs to verify the proof—not each transaction—fees drop drastically.
  • Zero-Knowledge Privacy — The proof verifies that all transactions followed the rules, but doesn’t show who sent what, to whom, or how much.
  • Fast Processing — Thousands of transactions can be validated in parallel, allowing for real-time performance at scale.
  • Immutable & Verifiable — Anyone can independently verify that the proof is legitimate—without trusting third parties.

How It Works (Simplified)

  1. Off-chain, a group of transactions is processed.
  2. A zk-proof is generated to confirm they’re all valid.
  3. That proof is posted to the blockchain.
  4. The chain accepts it—no need to publish the full transaction data.

Why it matters

Blockchains like Ethereum and Bitcoin struggle with:

  • High fees
  • Slow speeds
  • Public transaction data

zk-Rollups solve all three at once.

In Xcoin, zk-Rollups are used together with zk-STARKs and a DAG architecture.

The result: private, high-speed, low-cost payments that scale to millions of users.

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